Diamond

Undeniable that diamond jewelry is the most precious gem is fascinating . And most expensive jewelery in various Diamonds represent strength . Representation of value . Representatives of beauty. The force is the belief that Diamond is the gem of the occupant if someone has given the possession to make it a success, wealth ( as some people believe . But personally . Diamond , who has already had to be rich ) History of Diamonds According to an article on wiki .
History

Diamonds and diamond mining is discussed first in India. Particular rock layer caused by the deposition of alluvium for centuries by rivers Penner , Krishna and Octa Vary diamond known in India for at least 3,000 years, but not more than 6,000 years [ 4 . ] .
Gem Diamonds become valuable when they are used as idols in religious empire of ancient India is also an active diamond carving tools since the beginning of human history as well [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The popularity of diamonds has risen since the 19th century because of increased supply . Cutting and polishing techniques , the better. The growth of the global economy. And reform and the success of the publication [ 7 ] .
In 1772 Otto Antoine La cow Dizier have used a magnifying glass and the sun's rays onto the diamond with the oxygen in the atmosphere . Which shows that Products of combustion are only carbon dioxide. Proved that diamonds are carbon composition Later in 1797, Smithson Ten determinant (Smithson Tennant) have repeated these experiments and more . By demonstrating that burning diamond and graphite have the same composition to release the gas . Smithson had to balance the chemical equation of these compounds [ 8 ] .
Most diamonds used in jewelry , which is often used to make jewelry. In this manner, the user can be traced back to the ancient times. Dispersion of white light into spectral colors is the basic nature of the gem diamond jewelry history . In the 20th century specializing in jewelery, science has developed to the level of the diamond and gemstone on the basis of the importance of the value of the gem four characteristics or known as 4 C was used as a basic indicator of consists carat diamond (carat) cutting (cut) , color (color) and cleanliness (clarity) [9] , which is the largest flawless diamond, known as Paragon.
Physical properties .



Phase diagram (phase diagram) the forecast by the theory of carbon
Four panels. First, seven clear faceted gems, six small and a large one. Second, black material with uneven surface. Third, three parallel atomic sheets, each resembling a chicken wire hedge. Fourth, a boxed atomic structure containing tetrahedrally arranged balls connected by 0.15 nm bonds.

Allotrope of carbon , diamond and graphite are two different structures .
Diamond is a transparent crystal of carbon atoms that is clamped to a pyramid (sp3) that crystallizes into the diamond network is proportional to the cube structure and interfaces Center (face centered cubic).
International 4Cs [ edit] .

Classification levels of diamonds to a pure diamond

in international can be divided into 4Cs big with the Clarity ( purity ), Carat ( weight diamond than a carat ), Color ( color of the diamond ) and the last . cut ( cut , style and shape ) .
Purity levels . (Clarity) [ edit] .
Identification of the purity of a diamond. Can be classified according to the international standards .

1.Flawless (FL)

- Water is the most most beautiful diamond . No marks or blemishes of any diamond in the flesh and skin of the diamond. When viewed under 10x magnification (10X).

2.Internally Flawless (IF)

- a flawless diamond, ideal diamonds inside it. When viewed under 10x magnification (10X).

3.Very Very Slightly Included (VVS1 / VVS2)

- the level of impurities in diamonds are diamonds that have very little meat . Can not be seen with the naked eye . 10x magnification to the camera and went out to take a long time to find . Depending on the expertise of the examiner . Classified into Level 1 and 2, respectively, if little blame if blame can be used VVS1 obviously more to VVS2.

4.Very Slightly Included (VS1 / VS2)

- the level of impurities in the diamond with diamond texture that can not be seen with the naked eye. 10x magnification to the camera and went out to take the time to find one. It takes less than a VVS Clarity diamond blemishes and inclusions can be seen more clearly in the VVS and may have different color skin blemishes that can be seen .

5.Slightly Included (SI1 / SI2)

- a level of stigma that can be immediately visible under 10x magnification camera and some cases can be seen with the naked eye. But the small size may be observed. Or white pressed paper and look to the light , so that clear. In the eyes of a professional . It will take longer to notice .

6.Imperfect (I1 / I2 / I3)

- a flaw that can be observed with the naked eye clearly. This could be a lot. Observed so far .
Karat (Carat).
Weight, which is a standard to measure the weight of gemstones. Which has 0.2 grams compared to the standard metric carats this Homophone with the word carat (Karat) was used to measure the purity of gold . Gold , which has a purity of 99.99 % were 24 carat (Karat).
The origin of the word carat . The seeds of the fruit of the seeds of this species karat which have equal weight to all the seed. Which are most commonly used in ancient times . Because no clear standards to measure. Thus the seeds of the karat . A unit to measure the weight of gemstones.
Color (Color).
Classification of colors of diamonds . Can be sorted from D to Z , which is denoted by the letter D refers to a white , sometimes most people Thailand is called "water" , it's even higher diamond white and yellow inclusions . Diamond is colorless (Colorless) including diamond 100 , 99 , 98 , or diamond color D, E, F and Phe Beach nearly colorless (Near Colorless) including diamond 97, 96, 95 , 94 , or G, H, I. , J color diamonds preview . The other shades . Continue to pursue such a soft ivory color may be represented by the yellow letter G Champagne. To chase down a dark yellow L P is represented by the letter Z to be bright yellow . And are separated into color diamonds fancy .
The color of diamond classification . To separate white and yellow only. If separated from a diamond is fancy . The colorful and exotic it.
Because of the split tone color for yellow . Carbon in the diamond . When heat or chemicals into other elements. The diamonds are colored differently . The yellow diamonds are rare in estrogen may have a component with a blue titanium and alloy steel . Or red may be the chromium contamination. The pink diamond is caused by the structure of the diamond itself. The green diamond is receiving radiation . These procedures resulted in a fancy diamond . Colorful different . And expensive than white. Because rare. Nonetheless . White diamond crystal . Fancy diamonds are more popular . But today has led many manufacturers to improve quality white diamonds to achieve a different fancy color diamonds such as making a fire or radiation . Resulting in different colors such as green, yellow and blue, and so on.

 By: WiKi.